California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Little, D071837 (Cal. App. 2017):
We independently review a trial court's ruling under Penal Code section 1118.1, but apply the same standard used by the trial court, " ' " 'whether from the evidence, including all reasonable inferences to be drawn therefrom, there is any substantial evidence of the existence of' " ' the elements of the charged offense." (People v. Whalen (2013) 56 Cal.4th 1, 55.) We test the evidence as it stood at the close of the People's case-in-chief. (People v. Cole (2004) 33 Cal.4th 1158, 1213.)
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