What is the test for denying, abridgeing or denying a person's right to exercise their right to vote in a discrimination case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Baker v. Pataki, 85 F.3d 919 (2nd Cir. 1996):
Prior to the 1982 amendment, the underlined language above read as follows: "to deny or abridge". The effect of the amendment is that a plaintiff now has to prove only discriminatory result under the totality of the circumstances test set forth in 2(b) rather than discriminatory intent. Chisom v. Roemer, 501 U.S. 380, 383-84, 111 S.Ct. 2354, 2357-58, 115 L.Ed.2d 348 (1991).
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