California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Serna, B283622 (Cal. App. 2018):
" 'A trial court's decision to admit or exclude evidence is a matter committed to its discretion " 'and will not be disturbed except on a showing the trial court exercised its discretion in an arbitrary, capricious, or patently absurd manner that resulted in a manifest miscarriage of justice.' " ' " (People v. McCurdy (2014) 59 Cal.4th 1063, 1108.) To be admissible, evidence must be relevant, that is, having "any tendency in reason to prove or disprove any disputed fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action." (Evid. Code, 210.) Evidence is not relevant if it leads only to speculative inferences. (People v. Morrison (2004) 34 Cal.4th 698, 711.)
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