What is the test for a motion to appeal a jury's award of damages in a motor vehicle accident case?

include only damages caused by IDS. A reviewing court presumes the jury followed the trial court's instructions and that its verdict reflects the legal limitations imposed by those instructions. (Cassim v. Allstate Ins. Co. (2004) 33 Cal.4th 780, 803-804.) The record discloses no instructional error.

IDS contends the evidence is insufficient to support the jury's award of damages. An appellate court reviews a jury's award of damages under the substantial evidence standard and defers to the trial court's denial of a new trial motion based on excessive damages. (Mendoza v. City of West Covina (2012) 206 Cal.App.4th 702, 720-721.) A reviewing court "will interfere only when the award is so disproportionate to the injuries suffered that it shocks the conscience and virtually compels the conclusion the award was based on passion or prejudice. [Citation.]" (Ibid.)