California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Garcia, B261824 (Cal. App. 2016):
"The necessary elements of deliberation and premeditation may be inferred from all the facts and circumstances as will furnish a reasonable basis for such inferences, and where the evidence is not in law insufficient, the matter is exclusively a question for the trier of fact to determine. [Citations.] Proof of circumstances occurring at the time of the killing, as well as circumstances before and after the killing, are competent to show deliberation and premeditation. [Citations.]" (People v. Mulqueen (1970) 9 Cal.App.3d 532, 544.)
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