What is the test for a federal court to grant relief to a convicted criminal defendant who has been convicted and sentenced in a federal civil case?

Further, even if a reviewing federal court determines a constitutional error has occurred, relief is only authorized if the petitioner can show that the error had "a substantial and injurious effect or influence" on his conviction or sentence. Bains v. Cambra, 204 F.3d 964, 977-78 (9th Cir. 2000).

With regard to state courts' factual determinations, federal courts are not tasked with determining whether a "state court's determination was incorrect but whether that determination was unreasonablea substantially higher threshold." Schriro v. Landrigan,

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