What is the test for a federal court to grant habeas relief?

A federal court may not grant habeas relief until a petitioner has exhausted available state remedies with respect to each claim. 28 U.S.C. 2254(b); Picard v. Connor, 404 U.S. 270, 272

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(1971). The exhaustion doctrine rests on principles of comity and federalism. Rose v. Lundy, 455 U.S. 509, 515 (1982). Exhaustion serves to: (1) protect the state court's role in the enforcement of federal law; (2) prevent disruption of state court proceedings; and (3) reduce piecemeal litigation. Id. at 518-20.