The following excerpt is from Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind v. United Airlines Inc., 813 F.3d 718 (9th Cir. 2016):
5 Carroll v. Carroll's Lessee,57 U.S. 275, 287, 16 How. 275, 14 L.Ed. 936 (1853) ("[T]his court and other courts organized under the common law, has never held itself bound by any part of an opinion, in any case, which was not needful to the ascertainment of the right or title in question between the parties.").
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