The following excerpt is from Com. of Northern Mariana Islands v. Mendiola, 976 F.2d 475 (9th Cir. 1993):
Relying on Colorado v. Connelly, 479 U.S. 157, 167, 107 S.Ct. 515, 525, 93 L.Ed.2d 473 (1986), the prosecution asserts that police misconduct is a prerequisite to a finding that a confession is involuntary. The prosecution contends that no police misconduct occurred in Mendiola's case.
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