California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Washington, B281901 (Cal. App. 2019):
meet the legal standard for admissibility of third party culpability evidence set forth in People v. Hall (1986) 41 Cal.3d 826 (Hall). However, the court also ruled the prosecution would be precluded from arguing there was a modus operandi or that the robberies were so unique and similar that only defendant could have committed them.
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