What is the impact of Rule 11 sanctions if a pleading or pleading is frivolous, legally unreasonable or without factual foundation?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Community Elec. Service of Los Angeles, Inc. v. National Elec. Contractors Ass'n, Inc., 869 F.2d 1235 (9th Cir. 1989):

This language requires us to evaluate the pleading or paper filed as a whole. See Zaldivar v. City of Los Angeles, 780 F.2d 823, 831 (9th Cir.1986) ("Rule 11 sanctions shall be assessed if the paper filed in district court and signed by an attorney ... is frivolous, legally unreasonable, or without factual foundation....") (emphasis supplied).

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