The following excerpt is from U.S. ex rel. Lujan v. Gengler, 510 F.2d 62 (2nd Cir. 1975):
Indeed, we recognized in Toscanino that abduction from another country violates international law only when the offended state objects to the conduct. There, we distinguished United States v. Cotten, 471 F.2d 744 (9th Cir. 1973) as a case in which a forcible abduction violated no international law since the defendants had been voluntarily turned over to United States representatives by the Vietnamese authorities.
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