What is the burden of showing reversible error on appeal?

In presenting these arguments defendants offend a number of basic rules of appellate procedure and review. First and most fundamentally, "a party challenging a judgment has the burden of showing reversible error by an adequate record." (Ballard v. Uribe (1986) 41 Cal.3d 564, 574.) This requires (1) a record sufficient to establish the nature and relevant circumstances of the actions by the trial court which are challenged on appeal; (2) argument and authority establishing that these actions offended governing legal principles; and (3) a particularized demonstration, again based on an adequate record, that the error was prejudicial to the appellant.