The following excerpt is from Lowery v. Hart, CIV. NO. 2:15-1590 WBS CKD (E.D. Cal. 2016):
A party "bears a high burden in seeking to prove fraud on the court." Pizzuto v. Ramirez, 783 F.3d 1171, 1180 (9th Cir. 2015). A finding of fraud on the court involves "far more than an injury to a single litigant." Estate of Stonehill, 660 F.3d at 444 (citation omitted). "Fraud on the court requires a 'grave miscarriage of justice,' and a fraud that is aimed at the court." Appling, 340 F.3d at 780 (quoting Beggerly, 524 U.S. at 47).
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