What is the burden of appealing against the sufficiency of evidence in a civil case?

1. "A defendant challenging the sufficiency of the evidence bears a heavy burden, because the reviewing court is required to draw all permissible inferences in favor of the government and resolve all issues of credibility in favor of the jury verdict." United States v. Kozeny, 667 F.3d 122, 139 (2d Cir. 2011). We "must affirm the conviction if any rational trier of fact could have found

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the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt." Id. (internal quotation marks omitted).