The following excerpt is from Perkins v. City of Modesto, No. 1:19-cv-00126-NONE-EPG (E.D. Cal. 2020):
Qualified immunity is an affirmative defense that "shield[s] an officer from personal liability when an officer reasonably believes that his or her conduct complies with the law." Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223, 244 (2009). The doctrine "protects government officials 'from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established
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