California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Davis v. Fresno Unified Sch. Dist., 187 Cal.Rptr.3d 798, 237 Cal.App.4th 261 (Cal. App. 2015):
In litigation between private parties, the elements of a cause of action for breach of fiduciary duty are (1) the existence of a fiduciary duty, (2) a breach of the fiduciary duty, and (3) damage proximately caused by the breach. (Gutierrez v. Girardi (2011) 194 Cal.App.4th 925, 932, 125 Cal.Rptr.3d 210.) When a claim for breach of fiduciary duty is asserted against a public official by the Attorney General or
[187 Cal.Rptr.3d 822]
a taxpayer, the damage element can be satisfied by alleging the official obtained profits from the
[237 Cal.App.4th 294]
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