California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Squires v. City of Eureka, 180 Cal.Rptr.3d 10, 231 Cal.App.4th 577 (Cal. App. 2014):
The tenth cause of action was for Supervision Liability which, as plaintiffs acknowledge, also requires among other elements deliberate indifference, as held in Grassilli v. Barr (2006) 142 Cal.App.4th 1260, 1279, 48 Cal.Rptr.3d 715: To establish supervisor liability under section 1983, petitioners must show: (1) the supervisor had actual or constructive knowledge of respondent's wrongful conduct; (2) the supervisor's response was so inadequate as to show deliberate indifference to or tacit authorization of the alleged offensive practices; and (3) the existence of an affirmative cause link between the supervisor's inaction and plaintiff's injuries.
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