The following excerpt is from United States v. Berckmann, 971 F.3d 999 (9th Cir. 2020):
2 See, e.g. , United States v. Covington , 565 F.3d 1336, 134243 (11th Cir. 2009) ; see also United States v. Farish , 535 F.3d 815, 820 (8th Cir. 2008) (prior domestic abuse evidence admissible to explain the defendant's motive to commit arson against a friend of the defendant's abused wife, who was sheltering the wife).
3 See, e.g. , United States v. Johnson , 860 F.3d 1133, 1142 (8th Cir. 2017) (prior assault convictions admissible to "help explain the history" between the victim and the defendant "from which [the defendant's] intent to commit violence upon [the victim] is derived").
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