What are the four elements of the tort for misrepresentation?
Ontario, Canada
The following excerpt is from TD Bank v. Leigh Instruments Ltd. (Trustee of), 1998 CanLII 14806 (ON SC):
The fourth element of the tort is that the plaintiff must reasonably have relied upon the representation made by the defendant. As Mr. Justice Linden observed in Spinks v. R., supra, at p. 239, this is simply the universal requirement of proof of causation, necessary in all negligence cases in order to found liability.
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