What is the current state of the law on investigative detention?

I accept that such extremes may occur, but the point is that investigative detention is not an arrest or detention for reasonable and probable grounds and must not be seen or used by the police as a mechanism to make arrests under the guise of investigative detention. The balance struck between police powers and individual liberties puts a premium on individual liberty despite the fact that it makes peacekeeping more difficult for the police. Police actions cannot be justified or authorized just because what they are doing is likely to lead to better crime control and public safety. (See: City of Indianapolis v. Edmond, 531 U.S. 32 (2000)) Such an approach would surely lead to a police state where police actions would have no standards to meet.