Is there any evidence that prior contact between a convicted murderer and a member of a criminal gang prior to and after the murder?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Rivera, 247 Cal.Rptr.3d 363, 441 P.3d 359, 7 Cal.5th 306 (Cal. 2019):
associated with the gang. Rivera contacted several individuals who were either members of the gang or "hung around" with known members before and after the murder, presumably to facilitate his escape. (See People v. Abilez (2007) 41 Cal.4th 472, 508, 61 Cal.Rptr.3d 526, 161 P.3d 58 [subsequent conduct may constitute circumstantial evidence of intent at the time of the offense].)
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