California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Herrera, G036974 (Cal. App. 6/22/2007), G036974 (Cal. App. 2007):
The Fourth Amendment is not implicated when an officer approaches an individual in a public setting and merely asks if he or she would answer some questions, provided the officer does not induce cooperation by coercive means. (United States v. Drayton (2002) 536 U.S. 194, 200-201; Florida v. Royer (1983) 460 U.S. 491, 497 (plur. opn.).) No objective justification is required for these police-initiated contacts, but the individual "need not answer any question put to him; indeed, he may decline to listen to the questions at all and may go on his way. [Citations.] He may not be detained even momentarily without reasonable, objective grounds for doing so; and his refusal to listen or answer does not, without more, furnish those grounds." (Royer, supra, at p. 498.)
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