The following excerpt is from Noll v. Carlson, 809 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir. 1986):
In Armstrong v. Rushing, 352 F.2d 836, 837 (9th Cir.1965), we established that a pro se litigant bringing a civil rights suit in forma pauperis is entitled to five procedural protections. These are:
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