Is a physician liable for failing to disclose to a patient?

"[A] physician is liable only where the failure to disclose causes the injury. [Citations.] `There must be a causal relationship between the physician's failure to inform and the injury to the plaintiff. Such causal connection arises only if it is established that had revelation been made consent to treatment would not have been given.' [Citation.] Moreover, causation must be established by an objective test: that is, the plaintiff must show that reasonable `prudent person[s]' in the patient's position would decline the procedure if they knew all significant perils. [Citations.]" (Spann v. Irwin Memorial Blood Centers, supra, 34 Cal.App.4th at p. 657, 40 Cal.Rptr.2d 360.)