Is a person who knowingly aids and abetts criminal conduct liable for any other crime the perpetrator commits?

California, United States of America


The following excerpt is from People v. Packard, F070008 (Cal. App. 2017):

A person who knowingly aids and abets criminal conduct is guilty not only of the intended crimethe target offensebut also of any other crime the perpetrator commitsthe nontarget offense. For example, if a person aids and abets only an intended assault but a murder occurs, that person may be guilty of murder, even if unintended, if is a natural and probable consequence of the intended assault. A nontarget offense is a natural and probable consequence of the target offense if, judged objectively, the additional offense was reasonably foreseeable. The inquiry does not depend on whether the aider and abettor actually foresaw the nontarget offense. Liability is measured by whether a reasonable person in the defendant's position would have or should have known the charged offense was a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the act aided and abetted. (People v. Chiu (2014) 59 Cal.4th 155, 161-162.)

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