The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Greiner, 972 F.2d 1345 (9th Cir. 1992):
A district court's denial of a motion to withdraw a guilty plea is reviewed for abuse of discretion. United States v. Ramos, 923 F.2d 1346, 1358 (9th Cir.1991). While effectiveness of counsel and voluntariness of a guilty plea are reviewed de novo, factual findings underlying a district court's determination of voluntariness are upheld absent clear error. United States v. Signori, 844 F.2d 635, 638 (9th Cir.1988).
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