Is a complaint de novo sufficient to state a cause of action?

"On review from an order sustaining a demurrer, 'we examine the complaint de novo to determine whether it alleges facts sufficient to state a cause of action under any legal theory, such facts being assumed true for this purpose. [Citations.]' [Citation.]" (Committee For Green Foothills v. Santa Clara County Bd. of Supervisors (2010) 48 Cal.4th 32, 42.) The complaint is given a reasonable interpretation by reading it as a whole and with all its parts in their context. (City of Dinuba v. County of Tulare (2007) 41 Cal.4th 859, 865.) However, the assumption of truth does not apply to contentions, deductions, or conclusions of law and fact. (Ibid.) Allegations that are

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