How have courts interpreted the vulnerable victim adjustment when it comes to assessing vulnerable victims?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from USA. .v Mendoza, 262 F.3d 957 (9th Cir. 2001):

23. 207 F.3d 632, 633, 636 (9th Cir. 2000); see also United States v. Ciccone, 219 F.3d 1078, 1087 (9th Cir. 2000) ("The district court did not clearly err when it determined that the victims were vulnerable because they were repeatedly targeted for further fraudulent solicitations."); United States v. Weischedel, 201 F.3d 1250, 1255 (9th Cir. 2000) (holding that the district court did not err by imposing the vulnerable victim adjustment when it considered the vulnerable circumstances the victim was in, including the remote location); United States v. Randall, 162 F.3d 557, 560 (9th Cir. 1998) (explaining that victims of a reloading scheme were particularly susceptible where the defendant sought out people who had a track record of falling for fraudulent schemes); United States v. James, 139 F.3d 709, 714-15 (9th Cir. 1998) (concluding that a pregnant bank teller who was threatened during a robbery was a vulnerable victim); United States v. Johnson, 132 F.3d 1279, 1286 (9th Cir. 1997) (holding that a minor who had "been in the country for only a few weeks when the adult responsible for his care and well-being initiated a series of sexual advances" was a vulnerable victim).

23. 207 F.3d 632, 633, 636 (9th Cir. 2000); see also United States v. Ciccone, 219 F.3d 1078, 1087 (9th Cir. 2000) ("The district court did not clearly err when it determined that the victims were vulnerable because they were repeatedly targeted for further fraudulent solicitations."); United States v. Weischedel, 201 F.3d 1250, 1255 (9th Cir. 2000) (holding that the district court did not err by imposing the vulnerable victim adjustment when it considered the vulnerable circumstances the victim was in, including the remote location); United States v. Randall, 162 F.3d 557, 560 (9th Cir. 1998) (explaining that victims of a reloading scheme were particularly susceptible where the defendant sought out people who had a track record of falling for fraudulent schemes); United States v. James, 139 F.3d 709, 714-15 (9th Cir. 1998) (concluding that a pregnant bank teller who was threatened during a robbery was a vulnerable victim); United States v. Johnson, 132 F.3d 1279, 1286 (9th Cir. 1997) (holding that a minor who had "been in the country for only a few weeks when the adult responsible for his care and well-being initiated a series of sexual advances" was a vulnerable victim).

24. Wetchie, 207 F.3d at 634 n. 4.

24. Wetchie, 207 F.3d at 634 n. 4.

25. 239 F.3d 978, 983 (9th Cir. 2001).

25. 239 F.3d 978, 983 (9th Cir. 2001).

26. Id. at 981 n. 4.

26. Id. at 981 n. 4.

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