California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Jackson, 264 Cal.Rptr. 852, 49 Cal.3d 1170, 783 P.2d 211 (Cal. 1989):
The error was harmless, however, for the jury was otherwise instructed that the [783 P.2d 224] prosecution had the burden of proving all the elements of the crime [49 Cal.3d 1196] and that the jury was required to find beyond a reasonable doubt that defendant possessed the necessary mental states required in the crime of murder. There is no reasonable probability that a result more favorable to defendant would have been reached had the correct instruction been given. (People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836, 299 P.2d 243.)
(e) Instruction on Involuntary Manslaughter. (CALJIC No. 8.47.)
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