California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Graham, C087027 (Cal. App. 2021):
[2] In Crawford v. Washington (2004) 541 U.S. 36 [158 L.Ed.2d 177], the United States Supreme Court held that the confrontation clause strictly excludes out-of-court statements that are testimonial, unless the declarant is unavailable and the defendant has a prior opportunity for cross-examination. (Id. at pp. 51-54, 59.) The core class of testimonial statements' includes [s]tatements taken by police officers in the course of interrogations.... (Id. at pp. 51, 52.)
The above passage should not be considered legal advice. Reliable answers to complex legal questions require comprehensive research memos. To learn more visit www.alexi.com.