California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from MMM Holdings, Inc. v. Reich, 21 Cal.App.5th 167, 230 Cal.Rptr.3d 198 (Cal. App. 2018):
A plaintiff cannot establish a probability of prevailing if the litigation privilege precludes the defendant's liability on the claim. ( Flatley v. Mauro (2006) 39 Cal.4th 299, 323, 46 Cal.Rptr.3d 606, 139 P.3d 2.) The litigation privilege precludes liability arising from a publication or broadcast made in a judicial proceeding or other official proceeding. (See Civ. Code, 47, subd. (b).) " 'The usual formulation is that the privilege applies to any communication
[230 Cal.Rptr.3d 211]
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