The following excerpt is from Howell v. Selliers, Case No. 1:18-cv-00420-EPG (PC) (E.D. Cal. 2018):
Although a prisoner must "exhaust his administrative remedies before filing a lawsuit concerning prison conditions," Sapp v. Kimbrell, 623 F.3d 813, 821 (9th Cir. 2010) (citing 42 U.S.C. 1997e(a) ), prison grievance procedures do not create substantive rights enforceable under the Due Process Clause. See Antonelli v. Sheahan, 81 F.3d 1422, 1430 (7th Cir.
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