The following excerpt is from Indect USA Corp. v. Park Assist, LLC, 3:18-cv-02409-BEN-DEB (S.D. Cal. 2021):
Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction. Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994). Consequently, district courts are presumed to lack jurisdiction unless the Constitution or a statute expressly provides otherwise. Stock West, Inc. v. Confederated Tribes, 873 F.2d 1221, 1225 (9th Cir. 1989); see also 28 U.S.C. 1447 (requiring district courts to remand a case [i]f at any time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction).
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