The following excerpt is from U.S. v. McDonald, 122 F.3d 1075 (9th Cir. 1997):
We review for abuse of discretion a district court's decision to limit the scope and extent of cross-examination. United States v. Dudden, 65 F.3d 1461, 1469 (9th Cir.1995). "The trial court does not. abuse its discretion as long as the jury receives sufficient information to appraise the biases and motivations of the witnesses." United States v. Manning, 56 F.3d 1188, 1197 (9th Cir.1995). We review de novo, however, whether limitations on cross-examination violated a defendant's Sixth Amendment right of confrontation. United States v. Marbella, 73 F.3d 1508, 1513 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 116 S.Ct. 2555 (1996).
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