California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Gonzales, E044225 (Cal. App. 4/28/2008), E044225 (Cal. App. 2008):
Penal Code section 977, subdivision (b) provides that "the accused shall be present" at certain proceedings and "at all other proceedings unless he or she shall, with leave of court, execute in open court, a written waiver of his or her right to be personally present . . . ." (See also People v. Davis (2005) 36 Cal.4th 510, 531.)
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