Does a defendant have to prove beyond a reasonable doubt the absence of heat of passion on sudden provocation?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from United States v. Begay, 934 F.3d 1033 (9th Cir. 2019):

"[T]he Due Process Clause requires the prosecution to prove beyond a reasonable doubt the absence of the heat of passion on sudden provocation when the issue is properly presented in a homicide case." Mullaney v. Wilbur , 421 U.S. 684, 704, 95 S.Ct. 1881, 44 L.Ed.2d 508 (1975).

[934 F.3d 1037]

Where, as here, a defendant does not object to the jury instructions given by the district court, we review for plain error. United States v. Matsumaru , 244 F.3d 1092, 1102 (9th Cir. 2001).

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