What is the test to determine if a court has jurisdiction over a foreign defendant?

British Columbia, Canada


The following excerpt is from British Columbia v. Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd., 2006 BCCA 398 (CanLII):

Before a court has jurisdiction over foreign defendants, there must be a real and substantial connection between the court and the defendant or between the court and the subject matter of the litigation: Furlan v. Shell Oil Co., [2000] 7 W.W.R. 433, 77 B.C.L.R. (3d) 35, 2000 BCCA 404.

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