Notwithstanding the foregoing, the applicant may be considered complicit by association if he personally and knowingly participated in the crimes committed by an organization or knowingly tolerated them (Sivakumar v. Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration), 1993 CanLII 3012 (FCA), [1994] 1 F.C. 433 [Sivakumar]). The panel pursued its analysis along those lines.
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