Can an individual be an accomplice or a potential accomplice in an aiding and abetting action?

People v. Brigham (1945) 72 Cal.App.2d 1, 7, 163 P.2d 891 ["the bribe seeker could be the accomplice of the bribe giver or vice versa but, by reason of the evidence in the within action, no such problem is presented"].) Each of these cases recognized that aiding and abetting liability depended on consideration of the individual's conduct in full and not simply on whether a particular act was criminalized by another statute.

[315 P.3d 114]

The same was true in People v. Bunkers, supra, 2 Cal.App. 197, 84 P. 364, and in People v. Lips (1922) 59 Cal.App. 381, 211 P. 22, on which defendants especially rely.