The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Cleaveland, 38 F.3d 1092 (9th Cir. 1995):
We recognize that the mere existence of a legitimate, independent motive apart from crime detection or prevention does not immunize a search from scrutiny regardless of the level of government involvement. See Corngold v. United States, 367 F.2d 1, 5-6 (9th Cir.1966) (en banc). However, in this case the government's participation was not so extensive as to trigger Fourth Amendment scrutiny.
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