The following excerpt is from Thomas v. City of New York, 143 F.3d 31 (2nd Cir. 1998):
9 Similarly, we find that plaintiffs have standing to bring these claims. We have held that standing has been shown where "(1) there exists a reasonable likelihood that the plaintiff is in the disadvantaged group, (2) there exists a government-erected barrier, and (3) the barrier causes members of one group to be treated differently from members of the other group." Comer v. Cisneros, 37 F.3d 775, 793 (2d Cir.1994). All these requirements are met both as to the equal protection claim and as to the substantive due process claim.
10 The provision states:
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