The following excerpt is from S.V. v. Delano Union Elementary Sch. Dist., 1:17-cv-00780-LJO-JLT (E.D. Cal. 2018):
A Fourth Amendment claim for excessive force, unlike a claim for unconstitutional discrimination, does not require the intent to discriminate. See, e.g., Chavez v. United States, 683 F.3d
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