California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Machuca, 263 Cal.Rptr.3d 52, 49 Cal.App.5th 393 (Cal. App. 2020):
"In general, a person may be convicted of, although not punished for, more than one crime arising out of the same act or course of conduct. In California, a single act or course of conduct by a defendant can lead to convictions "of any number of the offenses charged." [Citations.] [Penal Code] section 954 generally permits multiple conviction. [Penal Code] section 654 is its counterpart concerning punishment. It prohibits multiple punishment for the same act or omission. When [Penal Code] section 954 permits multiple conviction, but [Penal Code] section 654 prohibits multiple punishment, the trial court must stay execution of sentence on the convictions for which multiple punishment is prohibited." ( People v. Reed (2006) 38 Cal.4th 1224, 12261227, 45 Cal.Rptr.3d 353, 137 P.3d 184 ( Reed ).)
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