California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Ray, 13 Cal.4th 313, 52 Cal.Rptr.2d 296, 914 P.2d 846 (Cal. 1996):
2. Absence of Mitigation. Defendant contends the trial court erred in failing to instruct sua sponte that the jury could impose a sentence of life imprisonment without parole even if it found no circumstances in mitigation. (See People v. Duncan, supra, 53 Cal.3d 955, 979, 281 Cal.Rptr. 273, 810 P.2d 131 ["The jury may decide, even in the absence of mitigating evidence, that the aggravating evidence is not comparatively substantial enough to warrant death."].) Defendant insists that the lack of such an instruction violated his right to due process and to a reliable penalty determination under the federal Constitution, and denied him equal protection of the law under the federal and state Constitutions. We reject the claim.
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