The following excerpt is from Madrid v. Pease, Case No.: 1:15-cv-00770-LJO-BAM (PC) (E.D. Cal. 2017):
Rule 41(d) gives federal courts broad discretion to order the payment of costs and to stay cases, though neither is mandatory. Esquivel v. Arau, 913 F. Supp. 1382, 1386 (C.D. Cal. 1996).
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