The following excerpt is from Kukes v. Vandervoort, 927 F.2d 609 (9th Cir. 1990):
The relevant focus is on the specific actions of the court officer. If the challenged conduct was within the scope of his or her duties, the court officer enjoys absolute immunity. Imbler v. Pachtman, 424 U.S. 409, 430 (1976). It is only when court personnel are acting outside their authority that their conduct can be attacked.
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